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Organic Complexes
有机配体‌‌金属离子‌‌络合物名称‌‌分子式‌
Ethylenediamine (C₂H₈N₂)Cu²⁺硫酸四氨合铜(II)[Cu(NH₃)₄]SO₄
EthylenediamineLi⁺乙炔锂乙二胺络合物C₄H₉LiN₂
EDTA (C₁₀H₁₆N₂O₈)Fe³⁺乙二胺四乙酸铁钠CHFeN₂NaO₈
EDTA (C₁₀H₁₆N₂O₈)Fe³⁺乙二胺四乙酸铁钠CHFeN₂NaO₈
草酸 (C₂H₂O₄)Nb⁵⁺草酸铌络合物CH₅NbO
草酸UO₂²⁺草酸铀酰UO₂C₂O₄
二苯基膦二茂铁Pd²⁺1,1-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁二氯化钯Pd(dppf)Cl₂·CH₂Cl₂
乙酰丙酮Cu²⁺乙基乙酰乙酸铜C₁₂H₁₈CuO₆
硫氰酸根 (SCN⁻)Fe³⁺硫氰酸铁(III)[Fe(SCN)₃]
烯烃 (C₂H₂)Pt²⁺烯烃铂络合物K[Pt(C₂H₂)Cl₃]

Organic complexes, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citrate, and tartrate, form stable complexes with heavy metal ions. Once these substances enter wastewater, they pose a serious environmental challenge.

Organic complexes are typically highly chemically stable, difficult to biodegrade, and some are even biotoxic. Discharge of organic complexes into water bodies not only directly pollutes the water but can also migrate and transform within the environment, increasing the solubility and mobility of heavy metals, interfering with the efficiency of conventional wastewater treatment processes, and posing a potential long-term threat to ecosystems.

Organic complexes are commonly found in industrial wastewater. Their core structure typically consists of one or more organic ligands bound to a central metal ion through coordination bonds.

·化工厂照片2.png

The key to UV/H₂O₂ degradation of these pollutants lies in the strong oxidative action of hydroxyl radicals (·OH), which first attack the organic ligands and disrupt their structure, thereby achieving two core processes: "decomplexation" (i.e., breaking the metal-ligand bond) and "ligand degradation." After decomplexation, the metal ions exist in a free state or as simple compounds, making them easily amenable to further treatment, such as coagulation and sedimentation.

有机络合物01.png

Typical applications include:

· Electroless copper plating, plating baths, and wastewater (EDTA, tartaric acid, etc.)

· Electroless nickel plating, plating baths, and wastewater (citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, etc.)

· TSA wastewater and plating baths (tartaric acid)

· Zinc-nickel wastewater (polycarboxylic acid, EDA, EDTA, PEDA, etc.)

· Phosphonate-containing wastewater (phosphine, etc.)


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